Responding to the risk of climate change includes both addressing exposure to climate change (acute and chronic physical impacts), as well as understanding the transitional costs (financial and legal requirements) required for a business to continue to operate in a global economy which is increasingly trending towards zero-carbon. Companies, organisations and enterprises at all levels of the Australian dairy industry will need to have access to information in order to determine their response to both physical and transitional climate impacts. This project will focus on modelling of the economic and biophysical costs of adaptation for dairy, at both a national and regional level. A key output will be the provision of a national adaptation pathway for the Australian dairy industry and regional adaptation pathways for two specific dairy regions.