Lucerne and other legume crops suffer significant damage from bluegreen aphids (BGA) directly feeding and spreading harmful plant viruses in these crops. In the past, growers have successfully protected their crops from BGA by spraying insecticides that efficiently control these aphids. However, over the last two years, growers in NSW and SA have reported that insecticide sprays are no longer efficiently controlling BGA. Our preliminary investigations suggest these populations may have evolved resistance to at least one organophosphate insecticide. While the evolution of insecticide resistance is a reasonably common occurrence in some species of crop pests (e.g., green peach aphids), the insecticide resistance we suspect has occurred in BGA here would be a first of its kind in this species. Our project has four main objectives that will collectively provide the lucerne industry with the crucial information needed to manage BGA. Our first objective is to undertake laboratory-based experiments to determine if indeed some BGA populations have evolved resistance, and if so, to quantify how resistant these populations are. This will encompass populations from key lucerne cropping areas in NSW and SA and explore a range of different insecticides. This work will also undertake some preliminary investigations into the heritability of resistance. Second, based on the findings of our experiments, we will provide AgriFutures with recommendations for how to manage BGA in the short term and what additional work is required to solidify the long-term control options for BGA in lucerne crops. Third, we will communicate our research findings and recommendations to the lucerne industry using Lucerne Australia’s existing communication channels and events. Finally, we will provide AgriFutures with a final report detailing our research findings and communication outputs.