Australian primary industries, which includes agriculture, fisheries and forestry, produce a signification amount of bi-product and waste. Increased adoption of practices is imperative if Australia is to meet its waste management targets. However, we first we need to understand the risks and benefits. This project will focus on identifying the gaps in the primary industry sector’s ability to make change, including redesign, avoiding, reusing and recycling waste. Thus, this project will explore the risks and benefits to the sector in applying the waste hierarchy and circular economy frameworks, as well as practical solutions to pre-farm gate waste implementation. Outcomes of this project will also contribute towards reducing waste and meeting sustainability targets such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, specifically goal 12 which includes, but is not limited to, targets to reduce food loss (in production), minimise environmental impact (e.g. from chemicals and wastes) and reduce waste generation. These are reflected in Australian National targets for 80% overall resource recovery by 2030.